अंकगणितीय

(a+b)²= a²+ b²+ 2ab
(x + y + z)² = x² + y² + z² + 2xy + 2yz + 2xz
(a-b)²= a²+ b²– 2ab
(x – y + z)² = x² + y² + z² – 2xy – 2yz + 2xz
(a+b) (a-b) = a²– b²
(x + y – z)² = x² + y² + z² + 2xy – 2yz – 2xz
(a + b)³ = a³ + b³ + 3ab(a + b)
x³ + y³ = (x + y) (x² – xy + y²)
x³ + y³ + z³ – 3xyz = (x + y + z)(x² + y² + z² – xy – yz -xz)
(a – b)³ = a³ – b³ – 3ab(a – b)
x³ – y³ = (x – y) (x² + xy + y²)
और (x + a) (x + b) (x + c) = x³ + (a + b +c)x² + (ab + bc + ca)x + abc